See absenteeism on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂ep",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep"
],
[
"*-o",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-o"
],
[
"*h₂epó",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂epó"
],
[
"*ap",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ap"
],
[
"ab",
"ab#Latin"
],
[
"ab-",
"ab-#Latin"
],
[
"*h₁es-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*h₁ésti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésti"
],
[
"*bʰuH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*-t",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-t"
],
[
"*bʰúHt",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰúHt"
],
[
"*ezom~*som",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ezom"
],
[
"𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌",
"esom#Latin"
],
[
"esum",
"esum#Latin"
],
[
"sum",
"sum#Latin"
],
[
"absum",
"absum#Latin"
],
[
"absēns",
"absens#Latin"
],
[
"ausent",
"ausent#Old_French"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Middle_French"
],
[
"absēns",
"absens#Latin"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Middle_English"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#English"
],
[
"-ee",
"-ee#English:_object_of_action"
],
[
"absentee",
"absentee#English"
],
[
"*-id-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*-idyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
],
[
"*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
],
[
"-ῐ́ζω",
"-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
],
[
"*-mos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos"
],
[
"*-mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mós"
],
[
"-μός",
"-μός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ισμός",
"-ισμός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ism",
"-ism#English"
],
[
"absentee",
"absentee#English"
],
[
"-ism",
"-ism#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "absentee",
"4": "-ism",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ep\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *h₂epó\nProto-Italic *ap\nLatin abder.\nLatin ab-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Italic *ezom~*som\nArchaic Latin 𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌 (esom)\nOld Latin esum\nLatin sum\nLatin absum\nLatin absēnsder.\nOld French ausentder.\nMiddle French absentbor.\n▲\nLatin absēnsbor.\nMiddle English absent\nEnglish absent\nEnglish -ee\nEnglish absentee\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish absenteeism\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"from, away\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"from, away from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ep\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂epó\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ap\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ab\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ab-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ezom~*som\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁es-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ésti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-t\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰúHt\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ezom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Archaic Latin\", \"term\" : \"esom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ala\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"esum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"absum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"absēns\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"ausent\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"absent\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : [ \"la\", \"absum\" ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"absēns\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"absent\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"absent\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"object of action\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ee\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"absentee\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ισμός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"absenteeism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"absenteeism\">\nFrom absentee + -ism.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ep\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *h₂epó\nProto-Italic *ap\nLatin abder.\nLatin ab-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Italic *ezom~*som\nArchaic Latin 𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌 (esom)\nOld Latin esum\nLatin sum\nLatin absum\nLatin absēnsder.\nOld French ausentder.\nMiddle French absentbor.\n▲\nLatin absēnsbor.\nMiddle English absent\nEnglish absent\nEnglish -ee\nEnglish absentee\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish absenteeism\nFrom absentee + -ism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "absenteeisms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "absenteism",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "absenteeism (countable and uncountable, plural absenteeisms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "absent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "absentee"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "absence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "leaveism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "presenteeism"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "First attested in the early 19ᵗʰ century.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Akan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Māori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
189,
200
]
],
"ref": "2023 December 13, 'Industry Insider', “Delivering a robust timetable”, in RAIL, number 998, page 68:",
"text": "The value of having in-house medical expertise is that staff with poor attendance records who have difficulty accessing NHS services can receive support from their employer, to help reduce absenteeism brought about by medical conditions.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
20
]
],
"ref": "2025 January 29, Jackie Valley, Jacob Turcotte, “‘The news is not good.’ Nation’s report card shows US students slipping further behind.”, in The Christian Science Monitor:",
"text": "Chronic absenteeism, for example, continues to be a problem despite some improvements.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee."
],
"id": "en-absenteeism-en-noun-uq1FCRH~",
"links": [
[
"absent",
"absent"
],
[
"absentee",
"absentee"
],
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ak",
"lang": "Akan",
"lang_code": "ak",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "kobɔ"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absenteizëm"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ḡiyāb",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "غِيَاب"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"note": "of school",
"roman": "kuàngkè",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "曠課 /旷课"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absentérství"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absenteïsme"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "(arbeids)verzuim"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "(school)verzuim"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "poissaolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "absentéisme"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "apousiasmós",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απουσιασμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "kealpaan"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neamhláithreacht"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "takētanga"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "absencja"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absenteism"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "absentízm",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абсенти́зм"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absentismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ausentismo"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "frånvaro"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 7",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "devamsızlık"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The practice of absenting oneself from the country or district where one's estate is situated."
],
"id": "en-absenteeism-en-noun-QFuzLAfk",
"links": [
[
"absenting",
"absenting"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/æb.sənˈtiːˌɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌæb.sənˈtiˌɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"word": "absenteeism"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English hybridisms suffixed with -ism",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰuH-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂epó",
"English terms suffixed with -ism",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Akan translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₂ep",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ep"
],
[
"*-o",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-o"
],
[
"*h₂epó",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂epó"
],
[
"*ap",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ap"
],
[
"ab",
"ab#Latin"
],
[
"ab-",
"ab-#Latin"
],
[
"*h₁es-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*h₁ésti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ésti"
],
[
"*bʰuH-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-#Proto-Indo-European:_be"
],
[
"*-t",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-t"
],
[
"*bʰúHt",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰúHt"
],
[
"*ezom~*som",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ezom"
],
[
"𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌",
"esom#Latin"
],
[
"esum",
"esum#Latin"
],
[
"sum",
"sum#Latin"
],
[
"absum",
"absum#Latin"
],
[
"absēns",
"absens#Latin"
],
[
"ausent",
"ausent#Old_French"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Middle_French"
],
[
"absēns",
"absens#Latin"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#Middle_English"
],
[
"absent",
"absent#English"
],
[
"-ee",
"-ee#English:_object_of_action"
],
[
"absentee",
"absentee#English"
],
[
"*-id-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
],
[
"*-yéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
],
[
"*-idyéti",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
],
[
"*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
],
[
"-ῐ́ζω",
"-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
],
[
"*-mos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos"
],
[
"*-mós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mós"
],
[
"-μός",
"-μός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ισμός",
"-ισμός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
],
[
"-ism",
"-ism#English"
],
[
"absentee",
"absentee#English"
],
[
"-ism",
"-ism#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "absentee",
"4": "-ism",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ep\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *h₂epó\nProto-Italic *ap\nLatin abder.\nLatin ab-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Italic *ezom~*som\nArchaic Latin 𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌 (esom)\nOld Latin esum\nLatin sum\nLatin absum\nLatin absēnsder.\nOld French ausentder.\nMiddle French absentbor.\n▲\nLatin absēnsbor.\nMiddle English absent\nEnglish absent\nEnglish -ee\nEnglish absentee\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish absenteeism\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"from, away\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"from, away from\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ep\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-o\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂epó\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ap\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ab\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ab-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"to be\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ezom~*som\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁es-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ésti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"be\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰuH-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-t\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*bʰúHt\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*ezom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Archaic Latin\", \"term\" : \"esom\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ala\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"esum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"sum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"absum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"absēns\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"ausent\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"absent\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : [ \"la\", \"absum\" ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"absēns\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"absent\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"absent\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"object of action\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ee\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"absentee\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ισμός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"absenteeism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"absenteeism\">\nFrom absentee + -ism.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ep\nProto-Indo-European *-o\nProto-Indo-European *h₂epó\nProto-Italic *ap\nLatin abder.\nLatin ab-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁es-\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ésti\nProto-Indo-European *bʰuH-\nProto-Indo-European *-t\nProto-Indo-European *bʰúHt\nProto-Italic *ezom~*som\nArchaic Latin 𐌄𐌔𐌏𐌌 (esom)\nOld Latin esum\nLatin sum\nLatin absum\nLatin absēnsder.\nOld French ausentder.\nMiddle French absentbor.\n▲\nLatin absēnsbor.\nMiddle English absent\nEnglish absent\nEnglish -ee\nEnglish absentee\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish absenteeism\nFrom absentee + -ism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "absenteeisms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "absenteism",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "absenteeism (countable and uncountable, plural absenteeisms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "absent"
},
{
"word": "absentee"
},
{
"word": "absence"
},
{
"word": "leaveism"
},
{
"word": "presenteeism"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"attestations": [
{
"date": "First attested in the early 19ᵗʰ century.",
"references": []
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
189,
200
]
],
"ref": "2023 December 13, 'Industry Insider', “Delivering a robust timetable”, in RAIL, number 998, page 68:",
"text": "The value of having in-house medical expertise is that staff with poor attendance records who have difficulty accessing NHS services can receive support from their employer, to help reduce absenteeism brought about by medical conditions.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
20
]
],
"ref": "2025 January 29, Jackie Valley, Jacob Turcotte, “‘The news is not good.’ Nation’s report card shows US students slipping further behind.”, in The Christian Science Monitor:",
"text": "Chronic absenteeism, for example, continues to be a problem despite some improvements.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The state of being absent, especially frequently or without good reason; the practice of an absentee."
],
"links": [
[
"absent",
"absent"
],
[
"absentee",
"absentee"
],
[
"The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles",
"w:Shorter Oxford English Dictionary"
],
[
"Oxford University Press",
"w:Oxford University Press"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The practice of absenting oneself from the country or district where one's estate is situated."
],
"links": [
[
"absenting",
"absenting"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/æb.sənˈtiːˌɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌæb.sənˈtiˌɪz.m̩/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vininn126-absenteeism.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ak",
"lang": "Akan",
"lang_code": "ak",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "kobɔ"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"lang_code": "sq",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absenteizëm"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "ḡiyāb",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "غِيَاب"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"note": "of school",
"roman": "kuàngkè",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "曠課 /旷课"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absentérství"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absenteïsme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "(arbeids)verzuim"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "(school)verzuim"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "poissaolo"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "absentéisme"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "apousiasmós",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απουσιασμός"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "kealpaan"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "neamhláithreacht"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "takētanga"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "absencja"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "absenteism"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "absentízm",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "абсенти́зм"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "absentismo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ausentismo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "frånvaro"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "state of being absent",
"word": "devamsızlık"
}
],
"word": "absenteeism"
}
Download raw JSONL data for absenteeism meaning in All languages combined (16.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.